Mondrian: The Development of “Grid Maniac”
Art is a miracle that transcends life, and occasional mistakes that deviate from the original intention during the creation process will also make the work show a different style. There are methods of painting, but there is no definite method. Xu Wei, a Chinese literati in the Ming Dynasty, broke the line in “The Picture of Walking on the Donkey’s Back”, and saved the embarrassment of the difference of a thousand miles with a magical brush. Dürer, a painter of the German Renaissance period, had many loopholes in his work “Rhinoceros”, but it did not affect its spread for generations. The fate of works of art has been unpredictable since its birth. Picasso’s “Dream” plummeted in value due to accidental damage; “Comedian” – A banana stuck to the wall, its skin turned black after being on display for a few days, and was picked off and eaten by colleagues. Oolong incidents occur frequently, and the industry has to reflect on the boundary between artworks and ordinary objects. The public even begins to question whether these works under the guise of art are the creativity of artists who are familiar with the way of appropriation, or are they scammers who use their sense of existence to cater to evil tastes? the trap.
How to appreciate artworks has become a difficult problem for the public, and sometimes even professional curators are helpless. On the occasion of the 150th anniversary of the birth of Dutch painter Piet Cornelies Mondrian, the exhibition revealed that his 1941 “New York City One” has been displayed upside down for decades . This work is made of tapes of different colors. There is no autograph, and it is difficult to distinguish the front and back from the layout of the colored tape strips. Even if the work is rotated in one direction, it still does not hinder viewing. Time has passed, and the materials on the paintings have become fragile. If the display direction is changed, it is very likely to cause irreparable consequences, and the only choice is to make mistakes. The correct way to open “New York City One” has become an unsolved mystery with Mondrian’s death, and it has also given it more room for interpretation.
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Apprenticeship in landscape painting: close to nature or away from the world
The reason why the artist loves poetry and distant places is that the complicated information such as memories and images carried by the mind can no longer create a comfortable atmosphere. Since Leonardo da Vinci in the Renaissance, there has been no remarkable successor in landscape painting for 300 years, until the Dutch painter Rembrandt took over with his peak work “Three Trees” in the 17th century. Subsequently, “Fisherman at Sea” by the British painter William Turner in the 18th century and “The Hay Wagon” by John Constable in the 19th century showed the style of the British island country. The Barbizon School represented by Rousseau went deep into the forest of Fontainebleau and sketched the scene in person to resist dissatisfaction with the political situation. A group of impressionist painters such as Monet’s “Sunrise Impression” and Manet’s “Luncheon on the Grass” emphasized the sense of light and pushed landscape painting to an unprecedented height.
Before his grid career, Mondrian’s schooling experience was almost the same as that of an ignorant fan. After being hindered in reality, he was admitted to a professional college and received orthodox training. The painter group in his hometown of The Hague, the Netherlands, is a school of his own. His works continue the style of Dutch realism, combining the realistic style of the Barbizon School and the sensual brushstrokes of Impressionism. Mondrian’s artistic enlightenment started from inheriting the masters of art. of.
The young Mondrian also had expectations for emerging genres and concepts. He was fascinated by the secret multiple metaphors in Symbolist works, joined psychic organizations, and tapped potential pure truths; he was fascinated by Van Gogh’s bright colors and Flowing lines, imitating the dark blue tone of “Starry Sky” to create “Mangrove at Night”, a bare old tree in the severe winter, with maroon branches intertwined, and the expression full of tension is quite romantic. At the same time, he was also eager to try the wild smear of Fauvism.
Paris was the blessed land of Mondrian, where he encountered the cubist works of Picasso and Georges Braque, and then his creative style changed drastically, from realism to abstraction. The same motif, but presents a completely different shape after 3 years: “Grey Tree” only retains the general image of the tree, and the details are highly abstract, which means removing the dross and extracting the essence, but the simplified combination is still natural of vigorous vitality. Throughout Mondrian’s artistic career, various schools of thought are fleeting to him, and he knows that “real artists are more inclined to be drawn by lines, colors and the relationship between them, rather than the objects themselves depicted in the picture”. In order to achieve the ideal visual effect, Mondrian constantly changed the track, and was fortunate enough to meet the stained glass artist Bart van der Leck and Doesburg, who loves straight lines. They jointly launched the “De Stijl” (De Stijl) movement. It embodies the order of the laws of the universe with abstract geometry and pure colors. “The consciousness of the new era emerges from everything.” Their declaration is not only a creative consensus, but also an implicit expression of anti-war sentiment: Art no longer serves politics and religion, but presents the truth that is free from appearances.
Square Godfather: Breaking the rules or condensing the truth
At first glance, the rectangular composition composed of red, yellow, blue, and black and white lines can be imitated by even a novice painter with zero foundation. However, it is these simplest elements that have been condensed into a timeless modernist totem, and Mondrian also Therefore, he was dubbed the most imitable artist in the world. The grid story created by him has brought a steady stream of creativity to masters in the architectural and fashion circles in the past century. The famous red and blue chair of the Dutch architect Rietveld has expanded the two-dimensional grid to a three-dimensional space, and Applying innovative ideas to the construction of the Schroeder House, the Heidi Weber Museum operated by Le Corbusier also bears the brand of Mondrian. 2022 marks the 60th anniversary of the establishment of the French luxury brand Saint Laurent. The founder of the brand, Yves Saint Laurent, once collected Mondrian’s authentic works at a high price, and took the lead in promoting his works to fashion and beauty. “The Composition” captures the essence and pays tribute to the idol with a dress of the same name.
Mondrian’s grid series has been scaled since “Colour Plane Composition No. 3”: “Construct the combination of lines and colors on a plane to express the universal beauty in an extreme way. The inspiration triggered by the Creator, in a state of passion Create an impulse to get as close to the truth and abstract things as possible.” The
seemingly arbitrary description actually hides the help of the golden section, and the precise calculation can be described as well-intentioned. The “Mondrian jigsaw puzzle” has no solution so far, and every stage of the evolution history of its “grid maniac” is indispensable for a soul mate. He discovered it from the concept of “modeling mathematics” proposed by his friend Suen Mekel, a mathematician. Spatial principle: vertical lines construct static space, horizontal lines coordinate dynamic melody, and jumping yellow and extended blue need red to neutralize. Mondrian’s self-contained “neoplasticism” (neoplasticism) relied on his exploration of synaesthesia in various arts. In “Neoplasticism: Realization in Music and Future Theater”, he mentioned color and Sounds are related, so the audience’s viewing of the grid is not only a visual appreciation, but also a multiple experience that evokes a sense of music, and insight into the inner laws of nature through meditation.
Mondrian resolutely insisted on the straight line painting method. When Doesburg proposed to use diagonal lines, he was strongly opposed. Let it go. After parting ways with his friends, in Mondrian’s maverick world, there is nothing but a grid of horizontal and vertical lines. After World War II, he was forced to move to New York. The bustling and dazzling cityscape broke the painting routine he had adhered to for more than 20 years, and the radiant atmosphere lit up the unchanging black lines in his brushwork. And the colorful lines composed of densely arranged red, yellow and blue squares are like jumping notes on the canvas, accompanied by the rhythm of the foxtrot, playing his favorite jazz.
Mondrian was the first painter to work from the frame, rather than confining himself within it. Compared with sculpture and architecture, his paintings have an innate advantage in free expression. In the criss-crossing limited space, he realizes a universal expression that crosses cultures and races without words. The “magic nature” constructed by the three primary colors of “red, yellow and blue” The grid, condensed into a classic visual symbol, is as deeply rooted in people’s hearts as Yayoi Kusama’s polka dots and Van Gogh’s starry sky. Less is more. For art lovers, simple composition is easy to copy. But for designers, this is their general formula for lighting up their creative inspiration. The incomprehensible abstract paintings have subtly promoted the art education of the whole people, and Mondrian’s color experiments are full of vitality in the collage and transformation.
