Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a cardiovascular disease with a high clinical incidence rate, which seriously endangers people’s health. A daily scientific diet can help prevent the occurrence of coronary heart disease or reduce its harm to the human body.
The harm of
coronary heart disease Coronary heart disease is a clinical syndrome of myocardial ischemia or infarction, which is mainly caused by coronary artery spasm, stenosis or occlusion. The pathogenesis is coronary atherosclerosis, which causes abnormal structure and function of coronary arteries. The high-risk factors for coronary heart disease include smoking, dyslipidemia, and high blood pressure, and other risk factors include obesity and diabetes. From another point of view, if the above risk factors can be controlled, the morbidity and mortality of coronary heart disease can be greatly reduced.
Patients with early or mild coronary heart disease have no typical symptoms. They only experience chest compression, tightness or chest pain after strenuous exercise or fatigue, and the symptoms will be relieved after a little rest. Therefore, patients often ignore these fleeting symptoms and do not seek medical treatment immediately. When obvious symptoms appear, they usually enter a severe stage and lose the opportunity for early diagnosis and treatment.
The harm of coronary heart disease is mainly manifested in two aspects: First, myocardial ischemia causes myocardial cell necrosis, also known as myocardial infarction. If the patient can be rescued in time, with the help of drug thrombolysis, cardiac stent, cardiac bypass, etc., the probability of cure is high. However, in the long run, myocardial ischemia will cause symptoms of heart failure, and patients will be hospitalized multiple times, which will increase the financial burden of the family; second, coronary heart disease will cause malignant arrhythmias and sudden death.
Diet precautions for patients with coronary heart disease
Light diet
A light diet does not mean a complete vegetarian diet, but a reasonable mix of meat and vegetables. Strictly limit eating too greasy food, it is best to use vegetable oil when cooking, because vegetable oil contains unsaturated fatty acids that are beneficial to health. Eat more vegetables and fruits. The vitamin C, cellulose, potassium, magnesium and other minerals contained in them are beneficial to improve the body’s metabolism, remove the deposited cholesterol, increase the elasticity of blood vessels, and avoid calcification. The source of carbohydrates required by the body should be rice, noodles, miscellaneous grains, etc., which are mainly starchy foods, while limiting the consumption of pure sugar foods.
limit salt intake
Sodium and chlorine are the main components of table salt. Sodium ions will cause water retention in the human body, thereby increasing blood volume, raising blood pressure, and increasing the burden on the heart. Therefore, patients with coronary heart disease must adhere to the principle of a light diet. Usually, the daily salt intake should be 3 to 5 g.
Limit fat intake
Strictly limit the intake of animal fat and cholesterol, including animal offal, ice cream, fatty beef, fatty lamb, fatty pork, etc.; eat more fish, lean meat, and foods rich in vegetable protein. Foods rich in trace elements, cellulose, vitamins, etc. can also be eaten, which is beneficial to play the role of anticoagulant and blood lipid lowering.
Normal consumption of eggs and milk
Research data show that milk has a positive effect on lowering blood cholesterol in the human body. This is because of the special factors contained in milk, which can inhibit the synthesis of cholesterol. Many people think that egg yolk is a high-cholesterol food, and eating it will increase the cholesterol concentration in the body. In fact, from an overall point of view, the cholesterol in eggs will basically not affect the human body, and it is rich in lecithin that can lower blood lipids. The vitamins and minerals contained in it are beneficial to the eyes and can delay vision loss. Therefore, it is completely okay for patients with coronary heart disease to eat an egg a day.
Reasonable control of animal protein There is
no need to limit the intake of soy products, because they are rich in sitosterol, which can inhibit the absorption of cholesterol in the small intestine. It is recommended to increase the intake of high-quality protein in the diet, and encourage the consumption of fish, lean meat, and soybean foods.
Overeating is strictly prohibited Patients with
coronary heart disease need to control their appetite and weight, and overeating is prohibited. This is because overeating will suddenly increase blood lipids and blood viscosity, which will increase the burden on the heart. In addition, patients with coronary heart disease need to pay attention to eating less dinner and not being too full.
Limit alcohol, alcoholic beverages, and carbonated beverages
For patients with coronary heart disease, alcohol, beer, alcoholic beverages, and carbonated beverages should be limited or avoided. However, you can drink wine properly, because it has the function of protecting the cardiovascular system. It is recommended to drink 30-50 ml per day, and drinking in large quantities is prohibited.
Physical exercise
Patients with coronary heart disease should develop the habit of regular exercise as an important part of life. It is recommended to do an appropriate amount of aerobic exercise every day, such as walking, tai chi, etc. The time and amount of exercise should be determined according to the physical condition of the individual. It is best to maintain the amount of activity for 2 to 3 hours a day. After each exercise for 20 to 30 minutes, rest for 10 minutes before continuing to exercise.
Eat less and more meals to manage weight.
For Asians, the body mass index (BMI) should be controlled below 26. However, the BMI value of most patients with coronary heart disease exceeds the standard range. For obese patients, it is recommended to lose 2 to 3 kg per month, and control the three meals, especially reduce the amount of dinner. At the same time, insist on eating less and more meals, reduce the intake of high-energy foods, and avoid spicy and irritating foods, so as to better control your weight and prevent your body from being overweight.
Limit red meat and avoid processed meat products.
Most patients with coronary heart disease have lipid metabolism disorders, and blood lipids have increased to varying degrees. At the same time, elevated total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides are also present. Red meat generally refers to pig, beef, mutton, etc. It contains a lot of animal fat and has high energy. Excessive intake will greatly increase the risk of lipid metabolism disorders and weight gain. Red meat can be substituted with white meat, but the restriction does not mean a complete ban.
Drinking Hawthorn Polygonum Polygonum Water
Take 15 g Polygonum Polygoni Multiflori and 10 g Hawthorn, add appropriate amount of water to decoct soup, then take appropriate amount of brown sugar to taste and drink. Hawthorn can promote blood circulation, remove blood stasis, and soften blood vessels. Polygonum multiflorum has the effects of nourishing the liver, kidney, and blood. Regular drinking of Hawthorn Polygonum multiflorum water can strengthen the body on the one hand, and prevent coronary heart disease on the other hand. Although the therapeutic method takes effect slowly, if you can persevere and take it for a long time, you can see good results. If you feel uncomfortable after drinking, you need to stop.
In summary, coronary heart disease mostly occurs in middle-aged and elderly people, but due to the influence of the environment and changes in lifestyle, it shows a trend of increasing year by year and becoming younger. Experts and scholars have proved that coronary heart disease is closely related to eating habits and lifestyle. From this point of view, patients with coronary heart disease must attach great importance to their daily diet. Only in this way can the harm of coronary heart disease be reduced to the greatest extent and ensure a healthy body.
