Pigments that can sustain life

　　On the earth, the origin of life has gone through a long period of evolution and evolution before it has formed all kinds of complex and diverse life individuals in modern society. However, if someone tells you that all this is due to an ancient pigment with a history of 1.1 billion years, will you be dumbfounded and ca n’t believe your ears?
　　The Australian National University led researchers from the United States, Japan and the Australian Bureau of Geosciences to jointly conduct a study. The researchers found a block of marine shale in the Todley Basin of the Sahara Desert in Mauritania, West Africa, which has been Year-old rock. After crushing the rock, the researchers extracted and analyzed ancient biomolecules and found an ancient pigment. Before this pigment is diluted, its color ranges from blood red to deep purple, and it will appear bright pink after dilution. According to statistics, this is by far the oldest complete pigment in the world.
　　So, how did this ancient bright pink pigment form?
　　This bright pink pigment comes from a molecular fossil containing chlorophyll and is made by ancient photosynthetic organisms living in an ancient ocean, which has long since disappeared. However, when the researchers analyzed the structure of the bright pink pigment molecule, they discovered that the organism that produced the bright pink molecule was tiny blue-green algae. Blue-green algae are single-celled organisms without a nucleus, but the center of the cell contains nuclear material, which is granular or reticulate, with chromosomes and pigments evenly distributed in the cytoplasm. Some blue-green algae contain more phycoerythrin, and the algae will appear more red.
　　But what effect does the blue-green algae that produce this bright pink pigment have on promoting the origin of life?
　　Studies have shown that blue-green algae are at the bottom of the ancient marine food chain and dominate. It is the earliest prokaryote on earth and the most basic organism. Blue-green algae are the earliest photosynthetic oxygen-releasing organisms, which played a huge role in changing the surface of the earth from an oxygen-free atmosphere to an aerobic environment. Many blue-green algae can directly fix nitrogen in the atmosphere to improve soil fertility and increase crop yields.
　　The blue-green algae in the ancient ocean are the food source of simple organisms, forming a simple food chain in the biological world. However, with the emergence of large active organisms on Earth, it cannot provide more energy for complex ecosystems, which is why large and complex organisms did not appear until late in the history of the earth.
　　About 650 million years ago, after further evolution and evolution of the earth and marine life, the dominance of blue-green algae in the ancient ocean began to disappear, replaced by micro algae at the bottom of the food chain in the modern ocean. Although microalgae are small, they are 1000 times larger than blue-green algae.
　　These larger particles of algae can serve as a food source for larger organisms, provide the energy needed for the evolution of complex ecosystems, and allow large animals, including humans, to thrive on the planet.