Friends who like astrophysics are not unfamiliar with black holes, white holes, and wormholes, which are full of bizarre and fantasy terms. Perhaps many people would imagine: If you can “swish” into a neighboring wormhole, quickly To reach a remote corner or planet in the universe is far more exciting than the travel through all current science fiction films. Don’t worry, scientists are helping you solve this problem. They have found a way to create a nearly stable wormhole.
We know that wormholes, as a distortion of time and space, are extremely unstable. Even a photon will cause the wormhole to collapse and shrink faster than the speed of light, and then fall apart instantly. In theory, as long as there is a certain amount of negative energy, that is, negative mass or matter with strange properties, it can offset the damage caused by conventional matter trying to pass through the wormhole, and thus may pass through the wormhole. However, the amount of negative energy materials known so far is extremely small. In order to maintain a wormhole with a radius of one kilometer from collapsing, the required mass of negative energy material is equivalent to the mass of the entire solar system. Therefore, the probability that this path will work is almost zero.
So, how about considering the wormhole itself? Since it is a “hole”, it needs an entrance and exit to pass through. Although some scientists believe that a wormhole connects a black hole (an area of space where nothing can escape) and a white hole (a theoretical space area where nothing can enter) and transfers matter between them, so far, white holes are still Within the scope of theoretical assumptions, no substantial breakthrough has been achieved. In other words, if the white hole does not exist, there is no way to go through the wormhole.
Fortunately, scientists have confirmed through sophisticated calculations that black holes can carry electric charges and their internal structure is very strange. The singularity of a normal black hole is point-shaped, while the singularity of a charged black hole is twisted and elongated and can be connected to another black hole with an opposite charge, so that we can get a wormhole. However, this wormhole is still very unstable, and two black holes with opposite charges will be attracted by both gravitational and electric field forces. Once they meet, the charges will neutralize and become a large and useless black hole.
However, to ensure that the two charged black holes are far enough apart and the entire wormhole tunnel can support humans to pass through, external forces are needed. Cosmic strings may be able to achieve this.
The cosmic string is a hypothetical existence, but there is also evidence to prove its correctness. It is a remnant from the time of the Big Bang. It exists in the cracks in the texture of time and space, just like the cracks that appear when water freezes. As far as wormholes are concerned, cosmic strings have a very useful property: they are extremely tensioned and cannot be squeezed together easily. If a cosmic string is passed through the wormhole and out of the two black holes, and the ends are stretched to infinite length, the tension of the string will prevent the two black holes from attracting each other.
But a cosmic string cannot prevent the collapse of the wormhole itself, so we have to add another cosmic string, let it pass through the wormhole and wrap it back, forming a closed loop between the two black holes. At this time, the cosmic string will oscillate violently, causing disturbances in the surrounding space-time texture. Appropriate vibration can turn the energy in the surrounding space into negative energy, play a negative role in the inside of the wormhole, and stabilize the wormhole. At this point, a wormhole that can be traversed was born.
However, the vibration of the cosmic string itself will cause the energy in the cosmic string to become less and less, and the mass will continue to decrease until it disappears. In this way, the wormhole cannot continue to be maintained. However, as long as the vibration frequency of the cosmic string is adjusted, the wormhole can remain stable for a long time, enough to allow information or objects to pass through it intact.
American scientists used a very large array of radio telescopes to find a 230 million light-year serpentine curve in the Milky Way. One explanation is that this curve is the real existence of cosmic strings. Unfortunately, this is just a speculation.
If one day it is confirmed that the cosmic strings are not hypothetical, then the construction of crossing the wormhole will no longer be a dream.